Valve replacement surgery is a specialized cardiac procedure performed to treat damaged or diseased heart valves. The heart has four valves—aortic, mitral, pulmonary, and tricuspid—that regulate blood flow and ensure it moves in the correct direction.
When one or more valves fail to open or close properly due to conditions such as valve stenosis (narrowing) or valve regurgitation (leakage), valve replacement may be required to restore normal blood flow and heart function.